Research by 91麻豆精品 professor that found that British forces did not use chemical weapons on Iraqis just after World War I was highlighted in a United Press International news story and by other media outlets this week.
鈥淭he symmetrical appeal of history faithfully repeating itself (in the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq) no doubt accounts for much of the public and scholarly credence accorded to claims that the British used chemical weapons in mandatory Iraq,鈥 Douglas writes in The Journal of Modern History, a U.S. publication studying European intellectual, political, and cultural history.
But such claims are inconsistent with the facts and implausible, Douglas says.
The UPI article goes on to say that after the 2003 U.S. invasion, allegations of chemical bombings by the British erupted into the public sphere.
The allegations from scholars and critics suggested Iraq鈥檚 history of chemical weapons did not start with President Saddam Hussein鈥檚 gas attack on Kurds. Rather, it was Britain that first used chemical weapons, when it controlled the region under a League of Nations mandate in the 1920s, to quell Arab uprisings, the scholars argued.
Some went so far as to tie Arab distrust of the West to Britain鈥檚 alleged brutal chemical attacks, Douglas says.
But Douglas finds these often-repeated claims, stemming from a 1921 letter written by British Air Ministry official J.A. Webster, to be false.
Britain鈥檚 army had asked for permission to use gas shells in 1921, but did not use them, Douglas says.
Yet Webster鈥檚 claim became the basis for allegations of British chemical use, with the story mutating and spreading, Douglas says. The British and Iraqi governments had no immediate comment on the research, according to UPI.
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